Free Essays on Bad Tendency Or Clear And Present Danger

have a tendency to undermine the authority of government to corrupt the morals of some members of society, the writer or speaker can be punished.† (Holsinger & Dilts – 49). Under this precedent there was almost always a conviction since only a propensity towards harm can prove guilt. Through several World War I sedition cases, the â€Å"bad tendency† test was used in trials for Socialists, and draft dodgers. This precedent would not be changed until 1919 with another Socialist case which involved a man named Charles Schenck. At this point in defense, counsel finally decided to argue that â€Å"bad tendency† meddled with the First Amendment’s right to free speech. In Schenck v. U.S. , Charles Schenck the secretary of the Socialist party printed brochures urging citizens to oppose the draft during World War I. He was charged with violating the Espionage Act, found guilty, and then sentenced to jail. The case was brought to the Supreme Court under strict scrutiny. With this ... Free Essays on Bad Tendency Or Clear And Present Danger Free Essays on Bad Tendency Or Clear And Present Danger The progression of Supreme Court cases starting 1919 began a debate about the extent of the First Amendment’s protection of sedition and also how it would be defined. The first explanation was called â€Å"bad tendency,† and it was way too vague and subjective to be relied on. Next, through Schenck v. U.S. the famous â€Å"fire in a movie theater† example was given to describe the â€Å"Clear and Present Danger† idea. Through each case the precedent was becoming more and more refined to create a more detailed law in prosecuting sedition. An old existing explanation called â€Å"bad tendency† was the only precedent for prosecuting cases, which compromised the given freedoms of speech and press. This idea of â€Å"bad tendency† came from English common law that even justified American ideas like the Sedition Act if 1798. No definite injury needs to be shown to prove this theory. The actual â€Å"bad tendency† terms are as follows: â€Å"If words have a tendency to undermine the authority of government to corrupt the morals of some members of society, the writer or speaker can be punished.† (Holsinger & Dilts – 49). Under this precedent there was almost always a conviction since only a propensity towards harm can prove guilt. Through several World War I sedition cases, the â€Å"bad tendency† test was used in trials for Socialists, and draft dodgers. This precedent would not be changed until 1919 with another Socialist case which involved a man named Charles Schenck. At this point in defense, counsel finally decided to argue that â€Å"bad tendency† meddled with the First Amendment’s right to free speech. In Schenck v. U.S. , Charles Schenck the secretary of the Socialist party printed brochures urging citizens to oppose the draft during World War I. He was charged with violating the Espionage Act, found guilty, and then sentenced to jail. The case was brought to the Supreme Court under strict scrutiny. With this ...

The Randolph Caldecott Medal Current and Past Winners

The Randolph Caldecott Medal Current and Past Winners About the Randolph Caldecott Medal In the United States, receiving the Randolph Caldecott Medal is the highest honor an artist can achieve for childrens book illustration. The Caldecott awards are administered by the Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC), a division of the American Library Association (ALA).  The award is named after Randolph Caldecott, a nineteenth century English illustrator who was known for his picture book illustrations. According to ALSC, the Caldecott Medal is an annual award. and childrens picture books published in the previous year in English in the U.S. are eligible as long as the artwork is original and the artist is a U.S. citizen or a resident of the United States. The Medal honors the years most distinguished American picture book for children. The 2016 Caldecott Medal Winner and Honor Books The 2016 Caldecott Medal winner is Finding Winnie: The True Story of the World’s Most Famous Bear. Sophie Blackall is the illustrator and Lindsay Mattick the author of the story of the bear who became the inspiration for A.A. Milnes Winnie-the-Pooh. To learn more about the storys background, history, author and illustrations, watch the excellent  Finding Winnie: The True Story of the World’s Most Famous Bear video from the publisher. (Little, Brown and Company, an division of Hachette Book Group, Inc., 2015. ISBN:  978-0316324908) 2016 Caldecott Honor Books Four childrens picture books were selected as 2016 Caldecott Honor Books. Two of them are on my Best Illustrated Picture Books of 2015 list. Trombone Shorty - The painting and collage mixed media illustrations by Bryan Collier and the words by New Orleans musician Troy Trombone Shorty Andrews make this picture book autobiography sing. (Abrams Books for Young Readers, an imprint of ABRAMS, 2015. ISBN: 9781419714658)Waiting, illustrated and written by Kevin Henkes (Greenwillow Books, an imprint of HarperCollins Publishers, 2015. ISBN: 9780062368430). For more information, read my summary of Waiting.Voice of Freedom:  Fannie Lou Hamer, Spirit of the Civil Rights Movement - Illustrated with dramatic collage by Ekua Holmes, Voice of Freedom is a biography in verse written by Carole Boston Weatherford for ages 10 and up. (Candlewick Press, 2015. ISBN: 9780763665319)Last Stop on Market Street, illustrated by Christian Robinson and written by Matt de la Peà ±a Last Stop on Market Street is also the 2016 John Newbery Medal winner for young peoples literature. (G. P. Putnam’s Sons, an imprint of Penguin Group (USA), 2015. Past Randolph Caldecott Medal Winners and Honor Books In most years, in addition to the Caldecott Medal winner, several books are designated Caldecott Honor Books for the quality of their illustrations. For Caldecott Medal winners from 1938 to 2013. To learn more about recent Caldecott Medal winners and Caldecott Honor Books, see: 1938 - 2015: All the Randolph Caldecott Medal Winners2014 Randolph Caldecott Medal Winner and Honor Books2013 Randolph Caldecott Medal Winner and Honor Books2012 Caldecott Medal Winner and Caldecott Honor Books2011 Caldecott Medal Winner and Caldecott Honor Books2010 Caldecott Medal Winner and Caldecott Honor Books2009 Caldecott Medal Winner and Caldecott Honor Books2008 Caldecott Medal Winner and Caldecott Honor Books2007 Caldecott Medal Winner and Caldecott Honor Books There are many wonderful childrens books on these lists, and I hope you will have the time to look over the lists and select some of these picture books to share with your children.