Osmosis Potato Lab Report Biology Essay Example

Osmosis Potato Lab Report Biology Paper If the two solutions are of equal concentrations, they will be isotonic. If the concentrations are unequal, the solution with the higher concentration is hypersonic, and the solution with the lower concentration is hypotonic. What is the solute concentration of potatoes? We can determine this by conducting an experiment in which involves the process of osmosis. Potatoes are full of sucrose used for energy storage in plants. Sucrose is a carbohydrate found in food. It is a disaccharide, with a combination of fructose and glucose. Consumers break sucrose down into two inconsistencies so they can be absorbed more easily onto the blood. Sucrose is too large of a molecule to diffuse through a semi- permeable membrane, and therefore needing to be broken down so they can move in and out of cells effectively. If potatoes are placed in a solute containing sucrose, then a concentration gradient would be present and the process of osmosis would naturally occur by moving water through the semi-permeable membranes. If the concentration of sucrose in the solution is less than the concentration of sucrose found in the potato, then the potato would decrease in mass. We will write a custom essay sample on Osmosis Potato Lab Report Biology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Osmosis Potato Lab Report Biology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Osmosis Potato Lab Report Biology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The opposite would occur as well, if the concentration of sucrose in the elution is more than that of the potato, then the potato would expand and gain in mass. In conducting this as an experiment, we can determine what the solute concentration of potatoes is. Materials The materials used to conduct this experiment are as follows: * Potato * Test-tube Rack * one loom Beaker * One ml Beaker * Distilled Water * Paper Towels * Marker for Test Tubes * 1 mol/L Sucrose Solution * 2 Pipettes * 10 ml Graduated Cylinder * Electronic Balance * Test Tubes * Razor Blade/Scalpel Figure 1. : Cutting of potatoes, weighing of potatoes, and potatoes placed in sucrose solution. In figure 1. 0, we can see that the potatoes were cut with a scalpel into thin slices so they could fit the test tubes appropriately. Then their mass was recorded using the electronic scale. They were placed into the test tubes containing sucrose and were to be left on the test tube rack over a 24 hour radius. The next day, the potato slices were to be taken out and measured again. Safety Considerations It is important for one to be careful using sharp instruments. When there were higher concentrations of sucrose solution, the potato decreased in weight. This is due to the fact that the potato was hypersonic in comparison to the potato. Through osmosis, sucrose from the potato moved along the concentration gradient out and into the test tube making the potato hypotonic. When the potato was distributed into 0. 2 mol/L of sucrose solution, there was no change in weight. This was due to the fact that both were isotonic, and with this, we can infer that the potato contains 0. 2 mol/L of sucrose solution. Discussion and Analysis The percentage of change in mass if the sucrose solution had the same solute concentration as the potato section would be 0%. This is due to the fact that the change in mass occurs in osmosis. Osmosis occurs when an area of higher concentration is trying to get to an area of lower concentration in a semi- ramble solution. If the concentrations are the same, being isotonic, there would be no osmosis occurring, and therefore no change in mass. This occurred when there was a 0. 2 mol/L concentration of the sucrose solution, therefore we can justify that the potato had that same concentration. Figure 1. 4: Graph Results After OH in Solute Concentration With Labeled Hypotonic, Hypersonic, Isotonic The above graph is similar to that of Figure 1. 3, but this has labeled which solutions were hypersonic to the potato cytoplasm, which were hypotonic, and which was isotonic. As the concentration of the sugar increases, the more mass the potatoes would lose. This would make the potato hypersonic. This is because when potatoes are in sugar solution that is of a higher concentration of sugar than the cell sap, (cytoplasm in a plant cell), the water moves out of the cell causing the reduction in mass. Opposite of this, when the potatoes are in a lower sugar concentration than their cell sap, the concentration of water is higher outside the cell so the water moves in the cell causing the potatoes to gain mass through the process of osmosis. This would make the potato hypotonic. When the sucrose solution was at 0. 2 mol/L however, the mass stayed the same because the concentrations were the same. This means that the potato and the sucrose solution were isotonic. Practical Application Fluids that are the same solute concentration as human blood are isotonic. We want this so that cells in our body wont else, or break. If the inside of the cell has less solutes and more solvent, the solvent inside, (water), would diffuse out of the cell by going down the concentration gradient, which would make this hypersonic, causing the blood cells to shrivel and become insufficient. On the other hand, if the inside of the cell has more solutes and less solvent, the solvent outside would diffuse into the cell with the same process potentially causing the blood cell to burst due to it being hypotonic. As mentioned earlier, we know that mass will not change if concentrations of a solute and a solvent are the same, or that are isotonic. If we were to prepare a solute with the same concentration as the potato, 0. 2 mol/L, and to leave it in the solution for 24 hours, we could expect that there would be no change in mass. This being due to the fact that they have he concentrations, and not needing to move along the concentration gradient because they are already of equal concentrations. Grass contains water and the salt does not. When the grass comes into contact with salt, the water escapes and travels into the salt. This is because plant cells have a high concentration of water whereas the salt has low concentrations. Due to osmosis, the water solution in the grass of which is of higher concentration moves to the area of lower concentration in the salt to try to make their concentrations equal. This process in turn causes the grass to dry out and die. Sources of Error Equipment errors include: 100 ml beaker: +/- 0. 05 ml 50 ml beaker: +/- 0. 2 ml 10 ml graduated cylinder: +1-0. 05% 10 ml pipette: 0. 02 ml analytical balance: +/- 0. Eggs Human error could include a variety of things. One could simply read a measurement wrong when filling the test tubes with solution. One could calculate incorrectly by typing in the wrong number. If one fails to put the potatoes into each test tube at the same time, the results could be off ever so slightly. Environmental factors could change results as well, if temperature i s higher than room temperature, osmosis could occur faster than usual. Conclusion In conclusion it was proven that on average, the potatoes that were in the test tube containing little to no sucrose solution gained in mass, and those that were in test tubes containing more or only sucrose had a decrease in mass. Results could have been more accurate if all of the potatoes were placed in each test tube and taken out of each at the exact same time. This would mean that the potatoes would have the same time contacting with the sugar solution. Another way results could have been more accurate would be if each potato was cut into the same shape and size. If the potatoes all had the same mass, then results would be more specific and accurate. It also depends on how the thickness differentiates from potato to potato. If there was one potato thicker than the other, then it may make a difference in how long it takes for the osmosis to occur. If we were to do the experiment again and take the average of both sets of results then it may be more accurate as well. When a plant cell is placed in a solution containing a higher concentration of solute, the water in the cell would move towards the solution. The plant cell would shrink and the flower would wilt.

The eNotes Blog Close, But No Pulitzer How Three Novels Lost Out on This Year’s FictionPrize

Close, But No Pulitzer How Three Novels Lost Out on This Year’s FictionPrize The three works that lost out on this year’s Pulitzer Fiction Prize: the dazzling debut Swamplandia! By Karen Russell; posthumously published  The Pale King by David Foster Wallace; and noteworthy novella  Train Dreams by Denis Johnson. A rare occurrence in Pulitzer history took place this week, with the panel electing not to award any of its three finalists the prestigious prize for a work of fiction. Though not unheard of, the decision is uncommon, the last instance of which took place 35 years ago. Says Sig Gissler, administrator of the Pulitzer Prizes, This is the 11th time this has happened in the fiction category; the last time was 1977. Its unusual, but it does occur. For any unfamiliar with the Pulitzer selection process, who may be scratching their heads as to how a prize such as this could go unclaimed, here is some insight: A jury of three (made up of novelist and Pulitzer winner Michael Cunningham, critic for NPR’s Fresh Air Maureen Corrigan, and former book editor of The Times-Picayune Susan Larson) read a whopping 300 novels each in only six months. Their next task was to whittle this massive number down to just three titles that would be reviewed and put to a vote by a second panel of 20 academics. The majority winner there would, theoretically, take home the prize. But a majority vote was never reached on any of the three novels, hence no Pulitzer. It’s sparked quite the outrage across the twitterverse, though perhaps none feel quite as annoyed as Cunningham, Corrigan, and Larson (save, perhaps, the authors themselves). Corrigan has said: â€Å"I can safely say that anger and surprise/shock, and just sort of feeling this is an inexplicable decision on the part of the board- that really characterizes, I think, the way all three of us feel  The obvious answer is to let the [jury] pick. We’re the people who have gone through the 300 novels. All the board is asked to do is to read three top novels that we’ve given to them†¦ In fact, what’s happened today is a lot of the articles and blog posts have gotten it wrong- they’ve been blaming the three of us! She and Cunningham have publicly come forward suggesting the selection process be changed. The publishers of the three chosen novels are also, reportedly, enraged, fearing the loss of a post-Pultizer sales bump. Although, it might be argued that the books are getting much more attention now than they might’ve had the selection gone smoothly. What’s your opinion on this no-win year? Do you agree with the Huffington Post’s report that â€Å"this year, nobody was good enough†? Which novel, in your opinion, should have taken home the prize? From Pulitzer history: another occasion when the panel decided not to give out the award for Fiction involved a famous but controversial title. In 1941, Hemingway’s masterpiece For Whom the Bell Tolls was deemed too offensive, and the Pulitzer Prize was again withheld.

Catharine Parr Traills The Backwoods Of Canada English Literature Essay

Catharine Parr Traills The Backwoods Of Canada English Literature Essay Nevertheless, one of the ship’s officer’s soon dissuades Traill and her husband of this opinion as he states that, if they were closer, they would find â€Å"every variety of disease, vice, poverty, filthy and famineà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ human misery in its most disgusting and maddening form.† They move up river towards Quebec. However, once again, they are not allowed to go ashore due to â€Å"pestilence† within the city. Traill’s account of her experiences thus far, that is, the voyage and her first views of the Canadian landscape convey both the beauty of the vistas she perceived and their inherent dangers, as one can gather that hardship and disease were the constant companions of the land’s natural beauty, which Traill is very good at describing in lyrical detail. Throughout her account, the modern reader learns interesting details of Canadian life during this era. For example, she is intrigued when the ship passes islands that have herd of cattle grazing on them. The captain explained that local farmers ferry the animals to the island on flat-bottomed boats or swim them across, if possible, and leave them to graze, with someone from the farm canoeing out to milk them on a daily basis. In Lower Canada, below Quebec, the land has a â€Å"wild and rugged aspect,† but Traill comments on the increased fertility as the ship approaches Montreal and how the land surrounding this city seems â€Å"willing to yield her increase to a moderate exertion.† Having landed in Montreal, Trail is struck by the â€Å"dirty, narrow, ill-paved or unpaved streets.† Ultimately, Traill and her husband settle near the town of Peterborough and become true pioneering settlers, as her husband is entitled to land due to his British military service. Furthermore, they are able to purchase land that will give them a water frontage. Throughout her letters, it is fascinating to read Traill’s very British take on Nor th American life. For example, she is critical of log cabins that she views from the river where the settlers have not taken time out from survival to plant roses around their casements. Likewise, she is amazed that â€Å"the sons of naval and military officers and clergymen† stand behind the counter in shops or wield an â€Å"axe in the woods† and still maintain their rank and status among the â€Å"aristocracy of the country.† Likewise, she is equally surprised that the Americans she meets are â€Å"polite, well-behaved people† rather than the exhibiting the â€Å"odious manners† that she expected. Those people with the worst manners, who displayed a sense of â€Å"independence† that was not â€Å"exactly suitable† to their actual station in life were people who, like themselves, were European settlers. In particular, Traill criticizes a young Scotsman who seemed to be particularly adamant on stressing to Traill and her husband, as English aristocrats that in the New World, he was not obliged to observe the niceties of the European class system. At every juncture in their journey, the Traills seem to have an easier time of handling the many transitions of emigration as they have money and can purchase assistance. For example, when they finally arrive at their homestead, Traill’s husband â€Å"hired people to log up (that is, to draw the chopped timbers into heaps for burning) and clear a space for building our house upon.† Nevertheless, she explains to her British mother, and in doing so also to her British readership, that they were also expected to â€Å"call the ‘bee,'† that is, to provide everything necessary for the â€Å"entertainment of our worthy hive,† i.e., the neighbors who assemble to â€Å"raise the walls of your house, shanty, barn or any other building† in a â€Å"‘raising bee.'† Once again, Traill appears to be astonished that all evidence o f class distinctions are laid aside in order for neighbors to help each other.

Chapter 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Chapter 4 - Essay Example Most clients who are interested in different adverts online will depend on the information that is provided by these companies to float their adverts. The information provided gives them an opportunity to understand the regions and durations when the adverts should ne floated. There are a.lso cellular providers that have now gotten into data mining. The signals amongst the best stations and the cellular users can be used to market products that are directed to specific phone users. The calling records are projected to be one of the assets to various marketers. However, it will depend on the possibility of the customers browsing the web and accessing some sites to purchase products online. Analysis of the market is necessary given that the company finds an opportunity to understand what the customers are likely to consume and at what quantities and durations. There are four main users of data mining to marketers currently, which includes; acquisition of the customers, analysis of the basket market, analyze customer abandonment and finally to enhance customer retention and

Apply the concepts of the expectancy theory of motivation as an Essay - 1

Apply the concepts of the expectancy theory of motivation as an approach to improving performance in a given workplace situation - Essay Example This belief is founded on past experience, self-efficacy as well as the perceived difficulty of the performance standard. Secondly, instrumentality is based on the belief that if the set performance expectation is reached, then there is an accompanying reward for the work done. The reward can either be a promotion, a salary increment, a sense of accomplishment or even recognition. If the rewards are made to be similar for all irrespective of the individual performance, then instrumentality reduces. The individual’s instrumentality is based on trust, control, and policies. The perception that individuals have a control on how the rewards are distributed results to an increased instrumentality. Trust mainly comes from the leadership, if the individuals can trust their leader, then it means they will believe in whatever they are promised. Policies are also very important when it comes to instrumentality. The perception that a certain level of performance attracts certain rewards in accordance to the organizational policy will exponentially increase instrumentality (Vroom, 1964). The other component is valence. It basically deals with the value that a person gives to the rewards of an outcome. This value is founded on the basis of the person’s needs, values, preferences, sources of motivation and their goals. The potential valued outcome can range from promotions, recognition, pay rises, bonuses, intrinsic satisfaction based on validation of one’s abilities and skills, time off, new and interesting assignments, or it can also result from an intrinsic satisfaction based on the view that their efforts positively impacted others (Porter and Lawler,1968). The company in the case scenario can effectively adopt the expectancy motivation theory in order to improve the performance of its employees. There seems to be an attitude by the employees towards work,

Sports Drinks Industry Analysis Essay Example for Free

Sports Drinks Industry Analysis Essay Coconut water is technically a fruit juice, extracted from coconuts. It is a popular refreshing beverage widely consumed in tropical countries, commonly sold fresh by street vendors still in its green shell, and drunk through a straw. Euromonitor Internationals soft drinks data shows that Brazil is currently the worlds largest market for packaged coconut water. Coconut waters success in Brazil indicates that major opportunities exist in other tropical countries where the drink is part of local beverage consumption culture, such as Indonesia, India, Malaysia and Ecuador. At present, virtually all coconut water in such markets is still consumed fresh rather than packaged. However, as these countries packaged food and beverage markets continue to develop in terms of sophistication, consumers will eventually be compelled by the advantages of purchasing their favorite liquid refreshment in an easily portable, convenient and hygienic format to suit consumption occasions in more formal environments. Seeing the marketability and increasing demand for coconut beverage, it gives the proponents an idea to establish this kind of business through feasibility study. Since there is no existing industry of tonic drink in Sultan Kudarat, it will encourage investors to invest in a newly proposed project. G. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT COCO DRINK is a natural isotonic beverage that is high in potassium and other electrolytes. Great for any active lifestyle, it is an effective rehydration beverage for before, during or after exercise. COCO DRINK is a milk-like beverage product that was process through spray drying technique that can be reconstituted in hot or cold water. For those unflavored drinks, it has a milky-white color, bland or neutral. It has a smooth mouth feel and safe to drink, with long shelf life and is cheaper than dairy-based milk drinks. COCO DRINK is also available in different blends, such as coco-Choco, coco-ube, coco-pandan, and other natural flavorings. These are available in bottles, cans, and tetra-packs. H. RISK AND MITIGATION RISK MITIGATION Peace and order Coordinate with the Philippine National police in the locality in case unnecessary events will occur. Unavailability of raw materials Seek for other suppliers of raw material to meet the daily demand and to make raw materials available at all times. Theft/ pilferage Built- in Close Circuit Television would be of help in determining fraud in the business. Hire a well oriented and trust worthy employees. Facilities Malfunction Check and maintain the facilities weekly. Purchase a high quality equipment to meet its useful life. Hire qualified and responsible operator. Product spoilage Refrigerate and freeze the product to prevent from spoilage. Pasteurize the coconut water to prolong its shelf life. Fortuitous events such as, earthquake and fire Secure the building and personnel through insurances. Presence of other tonic drinks. Promote the health benefits of COCO DRINK Develop good technical and marketing strategies. Produce high quality products. I. DEFINITION OF TERMS Electrolytes- is a solution that is capable of conducting electricity. (Electrolytes are commonly found in fruit juices, coconut water, sports drinks, milk, and many fruits and vegetables) Rehydration- is defined as the excessive loss of body fluid. Isotonic- Pertains to a solution in the body having the same osmotic pressure. (Sports drinks are sometimes designed in an isotonic way to assist athletes in rehydrating while balancing electrolytes). Pasteurize- is a process of heating a food, which is usually a liquid, to a specific temperature for a predefined length of time and then immediately cooling it after it is removed from the heat. (This process slows spoilage due to microbial growth in the food. ) Chlorinated water- is water added by chlorine and serves as a method of water purification to make it fit for human consumption as drinking water. J. SUMMARY AND FINDINGS A. MARKETING FEASIBILITY Energy drinks market has experienced significant growth in recent years owing to the craze toward high activities. The proposed project will be materialized in the form of quality products. The target customers are local markets through pharmaceutical drug stores, health and food stores, grocery stores, supermarkets and the likes. B. TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY The manufacturing company will operate 8hrs/day at 26 days a month for 12 months. In terms of technology, the company is aided of modernly designed factory equipment to ensure effective and efficient operation. The company is concerned to improve the quality of its product by choosing the right technology to fill in the packaging that cannot be spoiled by weather or other factors. C. FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY Based on the financial assumptions and projections, the project has the capacity to absorb all the expenses even there is a yearly increase in expenses. Moreover, the company has continuous increase in income yearly. D. MANAGEMENT FEASIBILITY The proponents are all capitalist partners. They will both contribute an equal amount of money or property to start the business. The manager will be responsible in establishing management. They will be responsible for the effective and efficient operation. The personnel will be hired based on the qualifications required. E. SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY The establishment of Coconut Tonic Drink will contribute to the economy particularly of Sultan Kudarat. It will encourage investors to venture because it has no existing industry here in the province yet. It will help to generate additional income to the government through taxes. F. CONCLUSION Based on the findings, supported by the financial projections, the establishment of coconut tonic drink is feasible. It is feasible because of the increasing demand of energy drink and nutritious beverages in local market. It will help generate additional employment in the community and improve domestic production by providing market opportunities. G. RECOMMENDATION Based on the assessment and result of the study, the following are recommended: 1. The company should find ways and means to improve the quality of their products to meet the standards and satisfaction of the customers. 2. Manage the risks that may occur in their dealings with competing companies. 3. Other studies should be conducted to determine other processes to prolong the shelf life of the product, without adding chemicals and to preserving its natural flavor. I. INTRODUCTION Coconuts are different from any other fruits because it contains large quantity of water. When immature they are known as tender-nuts or jelly-nuts and may be harvested for drinking. When mature they still contain some water and can be used as seed nuts or processed to give oil from the kernel, charcoal from the hard shell and coir from the fibrous husk. Coconut water has a numerous health benefits associated, including improved digestion, boost immune system against certain infections, and aids in regulating body temperature. These are just few of the many benefits drinking coconut water can provide. Drinking coconut water daily may help to improve skin elasticity, and avoid wrinkling by keeping the skin well hydrated and providing rich nutrients to nourish, making it looking smoother. Coconut water can provide wonderful alternative to some fruit juices and whole milk, since it contains less fat and calories, and no cholesterol. Compared to energy drinks, coconut water contains less sodium, no sugar and more potassium. Through pasteurization, matured coconut water can be processed into tonic drink that is good alternative for electrolytes and milk. Coconut water could be added a mild flavor and commercialize to public. Of all natural beverages from Mother Nature, coconut tonic drink is an ideal drink, aside from water, to quench thirst and provide renewed vitality and energy for our body with all the basic nutrients, protein and vitamins this. II. MANAGEMENT ASPECT A. FORM OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION The form of ownership is partnership which owned by the proponents namely: Sharmaine Alimajen and Hyaseth Hope Berin. B. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE C. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF OFFICERS AND KEY PERSONNEL The data for officers and key personnel are shown in the following job classification and its corresponding capabilities. POSITION NO. OF EMPLOYEES REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES OWNER 2 Must be 25 years old and above, male/ female. Financially capable of putting up the business. At least Baccalaureate degree holder of BS Business Administration or BS Accountancy. With a strong vision toward the business. Can handle business operation in all aspect. With a good moral character. will act as a financial provider and has a power over his subordinates. MANAGER 1 Age 25 years old and above. With extensive experience in manufacturing company as Production Manager With strong leadership and communication skills. Knowledgeable in production planning and control. will be responsible for managing the day-to-day operations of the company. Making sure that major administrative and technical problems and concerns of the company and its clients should be monitored and addressed accordingly. Determines appropriate staff-management levels and implement strategies to ensure the efficient operation of the department. ACCOUNTANT 1 must at least a Bachelor’s Degree in Accountancy. Must have 2 years accounting work experience. Can work with minimum supervision, organized and possess good working attitude. Report to management regarding the finances of establishment. Analyze business operations, trends, costs, revenues, financial commitments, and obligations, to project future revenues and expenses or to provide advice. Advise management about issues such as resource utilization, tax strategies, and the assumptions underlying budget forecasts. BOOKKEEPER 1 Male / Female 21-30 years old. Must possess at least a Bachelor’s / College Degree, Finance / Accountancy / Banking or equivalent. At least 1-year experience as a Bookkeeper. Knowledgeable in preparing Book Reconciliation.record about the day-to-day financial transaction of the entity. Reports to the manager the financial condition of the business. CASHIER 1 Male/Female, 20-30 years old. Graduate of any four –year Business course preferably in Accounting or Banking Finance. At least 1-2 years experience in same field or clerical work. Have an experience in cashiering, check payments, remittances, reports, and transactions. will be responsible of receiving and disbursing cash. Enter purchases into cash register. Counts money, give change, and issues receipt. Maintain sufficient amounts for change. Calculates Discounts or references. Balances cash drawer and receipts. FACTORY SUPERVISOR 1 At least 2 year(s) of working experience as supervisor. Must possess at least bachelor’s degree in Business studies/ Administration/ Management. Engineering, as the job requires sufficient knowledge in plant mechanics. Control and monitors processes and operations that take place at a plant or factory. FACTORY WORKER 10 Male/ Female Highschool Graduate 18 to 30 years old Preferably have 1 year experience in production work. Willing to work overtime. will be the one to operate the factory equipment, in-charge of packaging and sealing the product. DRIVER. 1 Has a 6 months experience Male not more than 35 years old. At least high school graduate or college level Will drive truck to transport and deliver materials. Maintains telephone contact with base to receive instruction. Keeps record of products transported. Obtains customer signature or collects payments for delivered goods or delivery charges. Assists in loading and unloading truck items. Other task that might be assigned from time to time. SECUTITY GUARDS 2 at least have a 1-year experience as security guard. Male, 25-35 years old. Must possess at least a Vocational Diploma / Short Course Certificate. Willing to work nine shifting hours. whose duty is to keep the area free from espionage and other harmful individuals and attacks. D. LABOR REQUIREMENTS TABLE 2. 1 SCHEDULE TIME POSITION SCHEDULE TIME Monthly Salary Monday- Friday Saturday IN(am) Out(pm) IN(am) Out(pm) Manager 8:00 5:00 8:00 5:00 P 8,060 Accountant Visit only once a week Visit only once a week 4,000 Bookkeeper 8:00 5:00 8:00 5:00 7,280 Cashier 8:00 5:00 8:00 5:00 7,280 Factory Supervisor 7:45 4:45 7:45 4:45 7,800 Factory workers 7:45 4:45 7:45 4:45 7,020 Driver 7:45 4:45 7:45 4:45 7,020 Security guards 8:00. 5:00 8:00 5:00 7,020 Coffee break time will be ten minutes only anytime between: 9:30 A. M. –10:30 A. M. and 2:30 P. M. –3:30 P. M. Lunch break will be between 12:00 NN –1:00 P. M. (Monday to Saturday). E. BUSINESS POLICIES AND REGULATION These will be the formal statement and rules of the projected project to be implemented by the future management. 1. The manager will report all related problems and all project aspect to the management 2. The cashier is required to perform cash count every day and report to the management about receipts and disbursement every month. 3. Manager should report to higher authority major administrative and technical problems and concerns of the company. 4. The bookkeeper should present financial report monthly. 5. Segregation of duties shall be properly observed. 6. The operation shall be monitored regularly. 7. All transaction must be properly authorized and approved by the manager. 8. Information about the project operation shall be held strictly confidential and shall not be divulged to any person, except authorized by the manager. 9. Terms of sale will be on cash basis. In case of receivables, 30 days will be the credit term. 10. Help each employee to obtain his maximum efficiency and effectiveness through a updated training and development program. 11. Treat each employee with fairness and respect. 12. Recognize and reward efficiency, discipline, and dedication to duty and responsibility. F. PROJECT SCHEDULE TABLE 2. 2 TIME TABLE ACTIVITIES MAR APR JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC Planning Building of factory Business permits preparation Canvassing and acquiring of office supplies, furnitures and office and factory equipments Positioning of purchased materials into the building Hiring of employees Negotiate to suppliers Formal start of operation III. MARKETING ASPECT A. INDUSTRY The coconut, popularly known as the â€Å"Tree of Life†, is one of the most important crops in the Philippines. It substantially contributes to the countries yearly income and is a major source of foreign exchange being an export winner. The Philippines remains as the world’s leading supplier of traditional coconut products. In 2010, 3. 56M hectares areas planted to coconut. Forty-eight percent (48%), (1,595,120 ha) of all coconut is planted to Mindanao and is produces fifty-six percent (56%), (8. 1M tons) of the total production. In Region XII alone, production of coconut was up by about 11%. Around 44% of coconut production of the region was in Sarangani Province. Cotabato Province contributed about 20% and Sultan Kudarat and South Cotabato produced about 18% each. Crop Production in region XII. The coconut production growth rate in first quarter is 11. 25% generally. (Source: regional Economic Situitioner-First quarter 2012). B. COMPETITION In Philippines energy drinks market, new entrants do not seem as a strong competitive pressure. The existing soft drink industry is already dominated by experienced dominant players with over century-long experienced. Other energy drinks dominate the industry with their strong brand name and great distribution channels. In addition, the energy drink industry is fully saturated unless the new entrants come with an acceptable differentiation. Despite the previously made optimistic postulation that coconut tonic drink could turn out to be the next Gatorade, there are other impediments still to be hurdled like widespread consumer unfamiliarity. These are the competitors existing: Extra Joss (PT Bintang Toedjoe) Lipovitan ( Taisho Pharmaceutical) Powerade (The Coca-Cola Export Corp) Gatorade (PepsiCo International Inc). Samurai ® energy drink (Coca-Cola Philippines) Cobra (Asia Brewery Inc) C. THREAT OF ENTRY Generally, when industry profits increase, it would be possible for additional firms to enter the market to take advantage of the high profit levels, over the driving profits for all firms in the industry. However, in Philippines energy drink markets, new entrants do not seem as a strong competitive pressure. Experienced dominant players already dominate the existing soft drink industry over century-long experienced. Other energy drinks dominate the industry with their strong brand name and great distribution channels. In addition, the energy industry is fully saturated unless the new entrants come with an acceptable differentiation. As entrants, the proposed project should truly â€Å"somebody† to be able to gain an absolute competitive advantage within this industry. If the product were distinct, there will be no fear of product substitution. Once the proponents gained an absolute advantage within the industry, they should deal with suppliers who may have strong bargaining power over pricing on the ingredients needed. D. MARKET ENVIRONMENT The COCO DRINK will be distributed in leading markets and drugstore all over the Province. E. MARKETING STRATEGIES A. MARKET The manufacturing company will produce a quality healthy drink that can renew vitality and energy for our body with all the wonderful nutrients, protein and vitamins this drink contains. The variety of flavours that COCO DRINK has gives consumers a wide selection of its taste preference. The selling of coconut tonic drink does not limit only within the locality but also to the nearby provinces. Products will directly distribute to supermarkets, grocery stores and health food stores. The selling price is is affordable which can reach by all people especially for low income. People can found COCO DRINK easily. The distribution spreads well until the end users. So that more people can have tonic drink as their energy drinks choice B. CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION The proposed business will act as a supplier of coconut tonic drink into local markets. FIGURE 3. 1 CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION C. PRICE STUDY In a research conducted, there is no existing industry of coconut tonic drink here in Sultan Kudarat. Since coconut tonic drink is the best alternative for electrolyte drinks, the project had foregone a research in pricing of different energy Drink Company of its products. They are selling with a mark-up of 20% to 35% more than the average factory price of the product. As a strategy, the project will reduce 20% in the price of the product of the existing competitors. F. DEMAND AND SUPPLY ANALYSIS Total Philippines Energy Drink Sales Volume 2006 – YTD OCT 2009 Source: Nielsen Retail Index FIGURE 3. 2 ENERGY DRINK SALES The geographic scope of the competitive rivalry explains some of the economic features found in the energy drink industry as shown in Figure above. Two major players dominate the sector – Extra Joss ® is the leader of the energy drink Philippines and boasts a market share of around 68%, followed by Cobra at about 18% in 2008. As we can see in the figure above, the portrait of energy drinks lifecycle have high demand. Overall, energy drinks category only accounts for 0. 5% of the Total Philippines Beverage industry. IV. TECHNICAL ASPECT A. PRODUCT The main product of SHASETH manufacturing company is a coconut tonic drink, coconut juice extracted from a mature coconut, process, and add some flavours to prolong its shelf life. The product will be available in three kinds of packaging: bottle, can, and tetra pack. The said product is process in two different ways: flavours, and unflavoured. This tonic drink is packed full of electrolytes as potassium, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus, affording its naturally isotonic composition. Hence, it has the potential to pull in a completely new audience, such as health-conscious women who have previously shied away from conventional sports drinks. It is a natural tonic or high-energy drink, a good alternative for electrolytes. This product is also good for infants, since the percentage of arginine, alanine, cysteine and serene in the protein of coconut water is higher than those of cow’s milk. Mature Coconut Water Tender Coconut Water Total solids% 5. 4 6. 5 Reducing sugars % 0. 2 4. 4 Minerals % 0. 5 0. 6 Protein % 0. 1 0. 01 Fat % 0. 1 0. 01 Acidity mg % 60. 0 120. 0 pH 5. 2 4. 5 Potassium mg% 247. 0 290. 0 Sodium mg% 48. 0 42. 0 Calcium mg% 40. 0 44. 0 Magnesium mg % 15. 0 10. 0 Phosphorous mg% 6. 3 9. 2 Iron mg% 79. 0 106. 0 Copper mg% 26. 0 26. 0 Source: SatyavatiKrishnankutty (1987) Recommended Nutrient B. MANUFACTURING PROCESS. A product facility was set-up and operated in a semi-commercial scale with the following general specifications: Capacity: Medium scale operation (approximately 500 nuts/day) Expected yield: Approximately 50kg. instant coconut skim milk per day. Starting process for instant (mature) coconut beverage FIGURE 4. 1 MANUFACTURING PROCESS Mature coconut beverage is process through medium scale operation. It needs the mature stage of a coconut (approximately 500 nuts per day), soak, and wash it in chlorinated water (200 ppm). De-shell, pare, and disintegrate coconut meat and coconut juice. Extract and separate the cream. Collect CSM (heating to 90C to coagulate the proteins) decanting whey to concentrate the protein coagulum. Add back some of the cream, centrifuge solids, premixed encapsulating agent, bulking agent, and other required ingredients. Blend, filter, and homogenize using high pressure to reduce fat sizes. Place in a holding tanks and feed in a pre-heated spray dryer stabilized at 150-180+/-5? C. Spray dry at 150? -180C inlet, 70-95? C outlet, with feed rate of 30-50 ml/min. Air-cool to room temperature. Add premixed flavouring, sweetener and other ingredients, dried fruit bits etc. , vitamin mineral blends. Dry mix, pack, seal and label. Store in a cool and dry place. (Source: Department of Science and Technology) C. LOCATION AND AREA The proposed project is located at Barangay Obial, Kalamansig, Sultan Kudarat, portion of lot 437, pls-50, Title no. T-15843 port. That is near to the coconut federation, which is located at lot 472, pls-504, to sustain the daily capacity of nuts needed for manufacturing. The building that consists of factory and office has an area of 200 square meters within the total land area of 400 square meters. The distance of the manufacturing company is 150 meters away from the coconut plantation. D. FACTORY EQUIPMENTS TABLE 4. 1 FACTORY EQUIPMENTS DEPRECIATION Equipments Quantity Acquisition cost Useful life (Years) Annual depreciation Desheller 1 P 63,000 15 P 3,780 Disintegrator 1 126,000 15 7,560 Screw press 1 21,000 15 1,260 Centrifuge 1 63,000 15 3,780 Homogenizer 1 84,000 15 5,040 Holding, Blending and Balance tanks 1 277,200 15 16,632 Spray dryer 1 210,000 15 12,600 Tumble 1 67,200 15 4,032 Ribbon mixer 67,200 15 4,032 Form-fill-seal machine 1 105,000 15 6,300 Walk-in-freezer 1 252,000 15 15,120 Upright refrigerator 1 50,400 15 3,024 TOTAL 11 P 1,386,000 P 83,160 Note: Factory equipment has a salvage value of 10% of its acquisition cost. Factory equipment must be reacquired after 15 years and unit cost is projected to increase by 5%. E. OFFICE EQUIPMENT AND FURNITURES TABLE 4. 2 OFFICE AND FURNITURE DEPRECIATION Office equipment furniture Quantity Acquisition cost Useful life (years) Annual depreciation Computer 1 P 20,000 10 P 2,000 Printer 1 3,500 10 350 Aircon 1 16,700 10 1,670 Table 2 2,000 10 200 Office chairs 2 1,500 10 150 Plastic chairs 2 300 10 30 Cabinet 1 6,000 10 600 TOTAL P 50,000 P 5,000 Note: Office equipments and furniture must be reacquired after 10 years and unit cost is projected to increased 5% per annum. F. OFFICE SUPPLIES. Office supplies Qty. / year Price Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Computer ink 24 P 150 P 3,600 P 4,680 P6,084 P 7,909. 2 P 10,282 Calculator 3 125 375 487. 5 633. 75 824 1,071 Puncher 3 70 210 273 354. 9 461 600 Fastener 2boxes 50 100 130 169 220 286 Ball pen 2 boxes 150 300 390 507 659 857 Bond paper 18rims 200 3,600 4,680 6,084 7,909 10,282 Scissor 10 15 150 195 253. 5 330 428 Scotch tape 30 15 450 585 760. 5 989 1,285 Pencil 2 boxes 32. 50 65 84. 5 109. 85 142. 80 186 Carbon paper 6 rims 145 870 1,131 1,470. 3 1,911 2,484 stapler 4 70 280 364 473. 2 615 799 TOTAL P 10,000 P 13,000 P 16,900 P21,970. P28,561 Note: Office supplies will be acquired every year. Unit cost will increase 3% per annum. TABLE 4. 3 G. PLAN LOCATION AND FLOOR PLAN The manufacturing company is placed at the portion of lot 473 with area of 400 square meters located at Barangay Obial, Kalamansig. V. SOCIO-ECONOMIC DESIRABILITY OF THE BUSINESS The proposed project carried cheep is the development of socio economic sector particularly here in Sultan Kudarat. 1. Establishment of this business will help to generate additional employment in the community. 2. It will improve domestic production by providing market opportunities. 3. It will generate additional income to the government through taxes. 4. It will raise additional income to the coconut growers in the municipality. 5. It will provide additional revenue to the province and it will help to improve the said municipality. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATION A. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS Based on the assessment and result of the study made by the proponents, establishment of coconut tonic drink in Obial, Kalamnsig is feasible. The proponents prove that the place where proposed project is located is the best source of coconut tonic drink due to wide plantation of coconut. B. CONLUSION After considering the different aspects in conducting this feasibility study, the proponents found out that the establishment of coconut tonic drink in Kalansig is feasible. It is because of the increasing demand of energy drink and nutritious beverages in local market. C. RECOMMENDATION After assessing the result of the study, the following are highly recommended: 1. The company should find ways and means to improve the quality of their products to meet the standards and satisfaction of the customers. 2. It should manage the risk that may occur in their dealings with competing companies. 3. Further studies should be conducted to determine other process to prolong the shelf life of the product without adding chemicals on it and to preserve its natural flavour. 4. Product should undergo laboratory test to make sure that it will pass the quality food standard. 5. Proper sanitation must highly observe. VI. FINANCIAL ASPECT A. UNDERLYING ASSUMPTIONS These assumptions are the basis in computing the financial projections. 1. Sales will increased by 6% per annum. 2. Purchases will increase by 3% annually. 3. Operating expense except for depreciation and legal fees will increase by 3% per annum. 4. Trade receivables at the end of the year are 30% of the year’s sales. 5. Assumed that the target markets are local health food stores, supermarkets, and grocery stores. 6. Project cost is P 4,107,938 with bank financing of 75% payable within 5 years with 8% interest rate and based on diminishing balance. 7. Finished goods inventory at the end of period will be 5% of goods available for sale. 8. Operating hours per day is 8 hours for 26 days monthly. 9. Depreciation expense will be based on straight line method. (see exhibit D) 10. Sales schedule 11. Salary is composed of their respective salary, SSS, and other benefits. It is assumed that SSS and other benefits is 20% of their salary. 12. Withdrawal is 30% of year’s net income starting 2nd year. 13. Income tax provision is 30% of income before tax. B. BALANCE SHEET PROJECTIONS C. INCOME STATEMENT PROJECTIONS D. CASHFLOW PROJECTIONS E. FINANCIAL SUMMARY F. PRODUCTION/OPERATING REQUIREMENTS The SHASETH manufacturing company will operate at Barangay Obial, Kalamansig, Sultan Kudarat. In operating the business, it will require a capital of P 4,107,938 that will be used at the start of operation to fund the purchase of goods and other necessary materials needed to manufacture the coconut tonic drink. Also included to the capital required are the cost of 400 square meter land and 200 square meter building. The factory equipment that has been purchased has a capacity of working 500 nuts a day. G. SUPPORTING SCHEDULE VI. SOCIO ECONOMIC DIVERSITY OF THE PROJECT REFERENCES: Sources and Cites Alibaba. com Google. com Wikipedia. com Organizations/Local Government Department of Trade and Industry Department of Science and Technology Sultan Kudarat Provincial Assessor’s Office Others Regional Economic Situitioner Nielsen Retail Index SatyavatiKrishnankutty We have noticed an increasing number of businesses catering to the recent rise of a new target market: the health-conscious consumer. At Nike, our goal has always been to give consumers what they want now, as well as to anticipate their future tastes, and to thus tailor our strategy to accommodate those tastes. We have recognized an unfilled market potential in the non-carbonated energizing sports drink arena, thus developing an entirely new product category. Our branding strategy is to enter the market by carving a new niche of protein-enriched energizing sports drinks. Our objective is to educate consumers about the new drink, as well as to make a profit and gain market share in the industry. We hope that by being market leaders, our name will become synonymous with the new drink category, and will aid in our sustaining a competitive advantage over the copy-cats that are sure to flock the market after the new products’ introduction and subsequent success. Our primary target market is 18-34 year old females who will use our sports drink whenever they needed a boost: at work, in the gym, or just when they felt like it. The secondary target market is 18-34 year old males who fall into much the same socio-cultural and economic category as the primary target market. The Nike Motion energy drink will be positioned as a high-end item, costing $2 per environmentally-friendly can. It will come in a variety of fruit flavors and will boast the replenishment of electrolytes and other essential vitamins and minerals. We hope that high-frequency mass market penetration using multi-media advertisements will spread the word and raise awareness about Nike Motion. National distribution will follow in supermarkets, pharmacies, health food stores, and gourmet retailers. The Nike brand name, accompanied by its strong brand image, will differentiate the product and maintain its popularity via the market leader and differentiation strategy the company has chosen. [2. 0] Environmental Analysis Economic Trends: The X and Y generations, our target markets, comprise about 110 million people of the United States population. They are, generally speaking, well-educated, and earn relatively higher incomes, thus allowing for much of their disposable income to be spent on health-oriented products, such as the new beverage we are planning to launch, Nike Motion. Neither positive, nor negative economic trends, such as changes in interest rates, inflation, DGP, etc. are not likely to have a significant impact on our product, since it’s not a high priced luxury item whose demand would be affected by theses factors. The quality of sports drinks consumed doesn’t really depend on the income of the consumers, since these are relatively inexpensive, everyday products. As a general trend however it is worth mentioning that the economy as a whole is growing in the United States as well as in other parts of the world, allowing for an ever increasing standa.

Ambition Essay -- Definition Ambitious Essays

Ambition   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before I could really start to write about ambition, I had to ask myself what ambition really was. What causes people to be ambitious, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of being an ambitious person? At first, I must admit it was fairly difficult to comprehend. But I found it to all come together when I related it to another kind of person or group of people – dreamers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When I think of ambitious people I think of dreamers. These are the people with hopes of one day conquering and ruling the world single handedly, and having everything work out just the way they want it to. I also feel that an ambitious person is a confident one. And because of this, they feel there is nothing they cannot accomplish. There are they types of people who often set goals so high and glamorous that they often set themselves up for disappointment when things do not work out their way. This, I guess, would qualify to be one of the disadvantages of ambition. But since I am the kind of person who believes that the sky is the limit, and if you put your mind to it you can accomplish anything, I choose to stay away from the disadvantages of ambition for the time being.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Evver since I was a little boy, I have always been ambitious. But who wasn’t? Before writing this paper, I did a little research to help me better understand the different forms of ambition, and if it differs between younger and older groups of people. I sat and asked my little brother what he ...

Key Economic Indicators and Changes over time in Bangladesh

The ancient region that in 1000 B.C. was called the Vanga, or Banga, Kingdom is considered to be #8 among the poorest and most densely populated countries today. Bangladesh, an independent country with parliamentary democratic government at the head of the state, remains dependent on foreign investors, grant aids and loans from the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the U.S., Japan and some Western countries, and suffers from corruption, lack of reforms, weak infrastructure and unstable financial system.The economic exploitation of the East Bengal (contemporary Bangladesh) by the West Pakistan, contemporary Pakistan, has turned out to be the complete deficit for the first player and the surplus for the other one. Yet, the advantageous climate, fertile soil, abundance of water and population growth are still playing the essential role and bringing the balance in economic indicators: income and employment rates, productivity, import and export prices, inflation, balance of trade, balance of payments, etc.Till the 10th century the East Bengal was ruled by Buddhists. Since that time the power had been handing over to Hindu, then Islamic converts in 1576 and British India from 1757 till 1947. However, the foreign dominance has shifted to domestic one and for 24 years the historic region of Bengal was a part of Pakistan. Though, the most of Pakistani population were the residents of East Pakistan (contemporary Bangladesh), the West Pakistan was holding the control over politics and economics.Grace to Sheik Mujibur Rahman and other Bengali nationalists, the independent state of Bangladesh with the capital of the state – Dhaka, and Sheikh Mujibur, as its head, was proclaimed on March 26, 1971. However, 1 million Bengalis had to pay the price during the four-year civil war that followed the independence of Bengali nation. On February, 1974, Pakistan finally accepted their autonomy attempt and a slaughter of brave soldiers was compensated in an unexpected way .The greatest problem, which has affected the devastated economy in 1980s, was the population growth. According to the facts, provided by Heitzman, J., and Worden, R., the population of East Bengal in 1901 numbered 29 million people, of East Pakistan – 44 million in 1951, of Bangladesh – 71 million in 1974, 87 million in 1981 and 110 million in 1988 (1989). It was expected that Bangladesh will reach the mark of 140 million by 2000 and today it numbers 150 million people. Today, Bangladesh takes the first place in population among Asian countries, the third one in national debt and the lowest GDP growth – 4.5 percent (Vital Statistics, 2006).Though Bangladesh had such natural resources as natural gas, timber, coal and agricultural land, they could not cover the demand of the growing population, along with natural disasters, such as cyclones, tropical monsoons, droughts, tornadoes, tidal bores and floods; therefore, agriculture – the key economic factor â⠂¬â€œ was rising from ashes over and over again.So, the newly proclaimed government had to seek answers to the following issues:1) environmental – degradation and erosion of soil, deforestation, lack of lands for cultivation, shortages of water and its pollution, natural disasters;2) national – overpopulation, illiteracy, technological regress and diseases.The independence has also brought some economic concerns, which have to be solved with the help of brand new economic policies and planning. The government of Bangladesh had to manage over 300 industrial enterprises (90 percent out of all enterprises such like), which West Pakistani owners left after 1971. The grant aid and loan commitments to the developing economy at that time numbered $15 billion disbursed out of $22 billion planned. The UN Development Program, along with the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank and developed countries gave a hand to strengthen the new nation.In order to manage the economy, the government of Bangladesh had to develop new industrial capacities and rehabilitate the economy itself. The West Pakistani economic model turned out to be inefficient and has led to economic stagnation. In 1975, the government resolved to organize public corporations and gave a greater scope to private sector, which is still working on. The state-owned enterprises that were targeted at: sugar, cotton textiles, steel, fertilizer, chemicals, minerals, pharmaceuticals, food, forest, paper newsprint, cement, garments, tea processing, engineering and shipbuilding products have been privatized; while banking sector, jute, oil and gas production remained under the governmental control.Bangladeshi government endeavored to encourage private sector and investments, denationalize public industries, ease up the import system and reinstate budgetary regulation. Yet, the reforms, expected from an enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF), along with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), were affected by political confrontation in 1991-1993. That very year, Bangladesh received $3.3 billion in food and development assistance from the United States and was forgiven $293 million of national debt. The corruption level and political troubles cut the foreign investments in 2000-2001 and led to the economic regress.In 2003, after liberalization reform, the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) $490-million plan for 3 years was approved by the IMF. Also, the World Bank has approved $536 million in interest-free loans. Other economic policies originated from the West Pakistani model and estimated the Annual Development Program, Poverty Reduction Strategies (PRSs) and the five-year plans for the economy.The first two waves of the Five-Year Plan failed to meet the objectives; but the last one, which lasted from 1985 to 1990: reduced poverty, â€Å"[brought] down the rate of population growth to 1.8 percent annually (present rate is 2.2 percent (Vital Statistics, 2006)), in crease[d] exports by 5.9 percent and  domestic savings by 10 percent, attain[ed] self- sufficiency in food production, [stated] GDP of 5.4 percent† (Heitzman, 1989). In its turn, the government of Bangladesh maintained institutions, responsible for implementation of economic policies and planning. The Planning Commission, the National Economic Council, the Executive Committee and the Project Evaluation Committee were and are still monitoring the reforms and progresses of economic policies and plans.According to the â€Å"Bangladesh† fact sheet, the key economic indicators between 2001 and 2006 are as follows: GDP showed a stable increase from $47.2 billion in 2001 to 63.0 billion in 2006, therefore, real GDP growth varied from 4.8 to 6.2 accordingly; GDP per capita have increased from $335 to $407; goods exports varied from 14.5 percent of GDP to 16.1 percent. The Central Bank of Bangladesh in its publication â€Å"Major Economic Indicators† provided the ample data on other economic indicators. Hereby, the Bangladeshi inflation rate increased from 1.5 % in 2001 to 6.94 % in 2007; balance of trade, 2007, amounts $-2,551 million, exports increased by $1519.05 to $9036.45 million (20.21 %) and import payments increased by $2172.8 to $12743.5 million (20.55%) in 2007.These promising facts show that foreign investments and loans, along with domestic policies, improved infrastructure and financial system, made economic reforms, and strengthened Bangladeshi positions on the global market. Yet, the growing number of labor force earns its livings from agriculture, while undeveloped industrial sector, inefficient power supplies and underdeveloped energy and gas resources hide the potential for economic growth, developed market, and the way out of poverty. The government of Bangladesh had turned its blind eye towards the economic perspectives of technological progress, the interrelationship between transportation and communication, and the core econ omic factor – industrialization in the very beginning of the new nation, so today it remains underdeveloped and holds the place of one of the poorest countries in the world.References:Central Bank of Bangladesh. (2007, May). Major Economic Indicators: Monthly Update.Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. (2006, July). Bangladesh: The Economy FactHeitzman, J., Worden, R. (1989). Bangladesh: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for theLibrary of Congress.Virtual Bangladesh. (2006, August). Economy: Vital Statistics. Retrieved June 5, 2007, from Read also: Padma Bridge

Handphones should be banned from schools Essay

Based on my opinion, I strongly believe that hand phones should be banned from schools. This is because the detrimental effect of students’ usage of hand phones in school weighs heavier than its benefits. Firstly, hand phones should be banned in school because students’ easily loses focus in class. Acquiring knowledge, learn something new and to educate one-self are the reasons students go to school. If learning is the priority, then what role do hand phones play in classrooms? They serve as distracters, what else? Students who use hand phones in class get distracted and distract the learning of process of the other students in class as well. For instance, if a student’s hand phone rings, everyone’s attention is set on the student rather than on the teacher standing in the frontier of the class. Moreover, on many occasions students’ have been caught text-messaging each other in class or playing games on their phones. Other than that, hand phones should be banned from schools because students’ tend to surf the websites in the classroom. When the lesson is taking place in the class, students who chooses to rebel, shows complete attachment to the phone. Rather than, paying attention during the class, students surf the internet and actively interact in social medias such as Face book and Twitter. Worst still, students who use hand phones are prone to visit illegal and inappropriate websites for their age. For instance, there are chances for students to have access to pornography in hand phones. Many students have been known to download pornographic pictures from the Internet to their phones. Adding on, students tend share those videos with their peers through Bluetooth which opens gate for social problem. Moreover, hand phones should be banned from schools because it creates opportunity for thefts to occur. It is a norm for teenagers to display their belongings to their fellow peers. Additionally, if they own something new, latest, trendy and mostly what the others do not own. This allows the occurrence of petty thefts in school as hand phones, especially those that are expensive and have additional features that draws unnecessary attention, gets stolen. Here, the safety of students also comes into the picture. Especially students who hold their expensive gadgets are sometimes accosted and assaulted outside the school gate as they lure the attention of snatch thieves. Victims with hand phones and other valuable will most certainly have these items taken away by force when they are not aware. Who is to be blamed here? The student with the hand phone? Or the thief? In addition, hand phones should be banned from schools because it encourages dishonesty. Students who have access to hand phones in class, may cultivate the habit of cheating. For instance, students can text test answers to other people in the classroom or also the school. Students too may have internet access on their phone and look up answers for examinations that way. Even though cheating has always been an issue, using cell phones in school only makes the issue bigger. Stressing again; I strongly believe that hand phones should be banned from schools because students’ easily loses focus in class, students’ tend to surf the websites in the classroom, creates opportunity for thefts to occur and finally encourages dishonesty. Since, the usage of hand phones in school contributes to multiple problems, I assert that hand phones should be banned from schools.

Self-appraisal Essay Example

Self Self-appraisal Essay Self-appraisal Essay I perfectly know and understand myself because I simply follow my heart desire; I got almost all my personality from the people around me. Before I perfectly regard myself more than anybody, but now that I’m married I regard my family first more than myself. I rate my attitude in handling about life as perfect with Gods help. I handled perfectly when I’m stress and emotionally hurt because I prayed a lot. I perfectly know and understand my values at an early age because my parents first taught me. I’m 100% satisfied with my career choice because they let me decide. I reached my career and job opportunities by myself only because I tried hard enough. I rate my writing skills as very good because I’m still new though I did some documentation in our company before. I’m perfectly prepared when I have job interviews by researching some topic that is related to the position I applied. I perfectly get along with people because I love being with people. I d on’t like to be alone. My average self-appraisal score is 4.8.One of the traits that I like in myself and I got it from my father is the willingness to sacrifice for the sake of the love ones. That was when I diagnosed with hypertension and was prescribed with some medications, I did not tell my husband about my maintenance because I don’t want to bother him and I don’t want to ask money from him for my personal needs because I know how he work hard to earn a living. I just find another way like I will engage in buy and sell business that won’t need some capital, in this way I can buy my medicines through the profit.One of the traits that I don’t like in me is my temper and I got it from my mother, I easily got mad even in small things especially when they won’t meet my expectations, I don’t have patience. All I want is for them to follow what I want. As of the moment I tried to control it because it’s not good and I donâ€℠¢t want my kids to be like that. I pray that God will help me and will give me more patience and understanding.

Emerging Market Economy; a Case of China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Emerging Market Economy; a Case of China - Essay Example This essay describes economic achievements of China on the way of successful transforming its economic system towards market economy, while establishing the reasons behind such success. Also the essay discusses the reasons that could lead to differences in mode of entry strategies of foreign direct investment between emerging markets and developed markets. It is shown in the essay, that China has had a rapid economic growth in the last three decades since the initiation of economic reforms in the year 1979. This fast rate of economic growth has caught the world's attention, and China is now a strong emerging economy almost closing the gap between it and the US. China is now a strong emerging economy almost closing the gap between it and the United States of America. It has become a major world economic power. There has been a tremendous improvement in the macroeconomic indicators over the past decade. From 2004, the China's GDP has been growing steadily at the rate of between 9.9% and 10%. There has also been a positive growth in net export, increase foreign reserves and of great significant increase in the outward Foreign Direct Investment. In the past decade, the country has benefitted from FDI and also had some negative spillovers as an emerging economy. Some of the benefits include the generation of exports and imports, labor mobility, horizontal and vertical integration, creation of more employment opportunities, capacity building of human capital and increase in Gross Domestic Investment among others.

World History 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

World History 1 - Essay Example In the civilized society, the role of the individual still might be deemed important, but not in the same close-connection sort of way. In terms of the educational area, one of the hallmarks of civilization is its ability to pass on its legacy through literature. Nomadic peoples tended to provide oral traditions and stories, but it wasn't until these became written down that society advanced to what might be called a civilized state. Through education in general, and literacy in particular, civilization developed into its modern form. Thirdly, there is a distinct difference between the commercial activities of hunter/gatherer tribes and civilized society. For nomadic tribes, goods were acquired primarily for consumption. Excess items could be traded with other groups, but the primary goal was meeting daily need. Modern civilization is characterized by elaborate trading patterns that have no equal in the hunter/gatherer world. Finally, the political difference is dramatic. While hunte r/gatherers had political rank or pecking order, it consisted primarily of who was strong enough to lead the tribe; and conducted through a fairly straightforward means of combat or test of skills.